What does gender identity refer to?

Gender identity refers to an individual's personal sense of their own gender, which may or may not align with the sex assigned to them at birth. This identity encompasses how individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves in terms of being male, female, both, neither, or somewhere along the gender spectrum. It is a deeply held understanding of one's own gender, which can be influenced but is distinct from societal norms and expectations.

Understanding gender identity as an internal experience is crucial, as it recognizes that the feelings and identities that individuals hold may not conform to traditional notions of gender based on biological characteristics. This is a foundational aspect of modern discourse about gender, emphasizing personal understanding and expression over biological determinism. Recognizing this distinction helps foster inclusivity and respect for each individual's self-identified gender, which is vital in peer counseling and support roles.